Additional menu

NEW PROJECT TOPICS

free research project topics and materials

You are here: Home / RECENT PROJECTS / AFRICAN LANGUAGES PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS / ASPECTS OF NEGATION IN KOENOEM LANGUAGE

ASPECTS OF NEGATION IN KOENOEM LANGUAGE

posted on

CHAPTER ONE

GENERAL BACKGROUND

1.1    Introduction

This research is aimed at describing aspects of negation in     Koenoem language. Koenoem language is a language spoken in Shendam Local Government Area of Plateau State of Nigeria.

In this chapter, we discussed the general background and socio – cultural           profile of the Koenoem people. The genetic   classification of Koenoem language as  well as the aim and objectives of the research is discussed. We also included the      scope and organization of the study.

1.2     Historical Background of Koenoem People

A popular legend of the Koenoem claimed that they were influenced by the           attempt to link their origin to the universal respective and centers of old civilization. This legend claimed that they migrated from France to their present location for           economic reason.

Koenoem means “to refuse”, the reason why this utterance    was rendered by           the Koenoem speaking people was that there was a      river dividing them with their           neighbouring village, and the river belonged to them i.e. the Koenoem. Inspite of that their neighbouring villages were claming ownership because of the immense           benefit from the river.The Koenoem people because of this mess said they would not fold their           arms and watched them; they presented all their problems to their ancestors to fight for them. As a result of this new born babies immediately after given birth to, will be           strike to death by thunder from no where. When the villagers got to realized that all           the happenings was as a result of their selfish interest, they call a meeting and           resolve the issue immediately and handed over the land to the Koenoem people and           that is why in both Shendam and Mikang land, today don’t take this Koenoem for           granted.

1.3     Geographical Location of Koenoem People

Koenoem people are located in northern part of Shendam Local Government           Areas of Plateau State and Eastern part of Mikang Local Government Area of           Plateau State. The Koenoem village was formally a ward under shendam province           and later relocated to     Mikang Local Government Area. The major towns around           Koenoem are: Doka, Zomo and Piapun.

1.4     Socio – Cultural Profile of Koenoem People

Cultural is defined as a total way of life of a group of people in a           geographical setting. Keonoem people have their district cultural and traditional           beliefs which are expressed in their mode of dressing, occupation, religion, festivals           and marriage system.

Marriage System in Koenoem

The Koenoem people have their culture, norms, and values. When it comes to           marriage the person who wants to marry pay a specific amount of money and some           traditional items for the kinsmen before contacting the father of the girl for bride           price. The amount paid for bride price is not always much that is why they marry           many wives.

The first step to marriage is to pay some certain amount of   money and some           items, other material things such as rappers shingginda, millet for local brint     beer to the elders of the family. The second step is the bride going to the groom’s     farm to check his capability whether is capable of taking care of the wife he intends       to marry. If the groom is capable they move to the third step which is the      introduction of the two families to each other and after that the proper marriage.

In Koenoem land divorce does not take much time, they believe if a woman           leaves a man the more he brings in another one to replace her. Some divorce are           made in the court of law through the          chief judge pronouncement and others in a        traditional way, where the two families come together and settle amicably by paying           back what they collected from the grooms family.

Occupation of Koenoem People

The major occupation of Koenoem people is farming. Majority of the people           are subsistence farmers though commercial         farming is also practiced. They cultivate      crops like maize, millet, guinea com, groundnut and rice as well. After harvesting all        these crops, buyers come from urban centre and buy at the cheapest price and take it   to the city.

Religion of Koenoem People

In Koenoem land the three (3) religions are observed i.e. Christianity, Traditional and Islamic religions. Christianity dominates followed by traditional           religion then Islamic religion. Most of the people practicing Islamic religion are           indigenes of the land. The general language use in the place of worship is Hausa           except the traditional worshipers who used the local dialect to make their           incantation.

Festivals of Koenoem Language

Festivals are organized to unite their kinsmen from far and near. The chief priest is regarded as the ruler of the tribe only, but without defined territory. There is   a particular festival celebrated to commemorate the death of their heroes who had  fought tirelessly to emancipate them from the shackles of invaders and other form of  oppressions. Their annual festival is celebrated on the 12th December, for this   festival an Antelope must be casted to appease the gods.

Educational Background of Koenoem people

The Level of Education in Koeneom village is very low, because most of  them believe that farming is the best way to make money.

Education as defined by one philosopher popularly known as Plato who said    education is the production of sound mind to a sand    body. In this definition we are  made to understand that the Koenoem people were not aware of the positive impact  of education, but now    they have realize the positive impact of education and they   now send their children to school, so as to take active part in politics.

Administration in Koenoem Land

Koenoem people’s administration is more or less a traditional system of    administration. The people of Koenoem take orders from their chiefs. The chief is   the administrative and ceremonial leader in         the village.

There, chief who is called long Koenoem dictate some certain things for  them, and any other information which is to be relay to the   people must past through       the chief before disseminating it to the masses.After the chief the second in command is referred to as angwa meaning  halmet, he takes directives from the chief to the people.

1.5     Genetic Classification of Koenoem Language

Source: www.Ethnologue.com

{Accessed November 2010}

AFRICAN LANGUAGE

Afro Asiatic         Niger Kordofanian              Nilo Sahara                    Khoisan

Niger Congo

West Atlantic                                  Mande                                  Atlantic Congo

Atlantic                                    Ijoid                                          Volta Congo

Ewe                    Edo                                 Benue Congo                    Plateau

Northern Jos                         Western Jos                                    Eastern Jos

Zomo                           Doka              Koenoem                           Piapun

1.6     Statement of the Research Problem

The target of this research is to analyze Negative sentences in Koenoem           language. Therefore, these work primarily focus on Negation in Koenoem language           and our aim is to identify the various         negative construction and negation markers in the language, their position in the language.

1.7     Aims and Objective

The purpose of this work is to carry out a syntactic analysis of Koenoem           language with focus on the syntactic process known as negation. Our aims and           objectives in this research work include.

i         To explain what negation is

ii        To discuss how negation is used in Koenoem

iii       To identify the various negations

iv       To also discuss the transformational processes used in deriving negative  constructions in the language.

1.8     Scope and Organization of The Study

This work is limited to negation in Koenoem language and it is divided into   five chapters. Chapter one deals with the introductory part of the work, which includes general introduction the historical          background and socio-cultural profile of Koenoem language, genetic classification, aims and objectives, scope and  organization of the study.

Chapter two deals with literature review here we shall review the chosen frame work that is the government and binding theory of syntax     and explain its relevance to this work. Chapter three shall focus on negation as a syntactic process in Koenoem language showing among others the various positions negation markers can occupy in Koenoem language chapter four shall deal with transformational processes in Koenoem such as focus construction and relativization in relation to negation. Chapter five will summarize and conclude the work.

payment

Post Views: 2,984

Recent post

Reader Interactions

Comments

  183. You’re so awesome! I do not suppose I’ve truly read a single thing like this before. So great to discover someone with some unique thoughts on this issue. Really.. thank you for starting this up. This web site is something that is needed on the internet, someone with a little originality!|

  185. Please let me know if you’re looking for a author for your site. You have some really good articles and I think I would be a good asset. If you ever want to take some of the load off, I’d absolutely love to write some content for your blog in exchange for a link back to mine. Please blast me an email if interested. Cheers!|

  189. Hi there very cool blog!! Man .. Excellent .. Wonderful .. I’ll bookmark your website and take the feeds also? I am glad to seek out numerous helpful info here within the publish, we want develop extra techniques in this regard, thank you for sharing. . . . . .|

  193. Hi there, You’ve done a great job. I will definitely digg it and personally recommend to my friends. I am confident they will be benefited from this web site.|

  194. Hello to every single one, it’s genuinely a pleasant for me to go to see this website, it contains precious Information.|

  198. Its like you read my mind! You seem to know a lot about this, like you wrote the book in it or something. I think that you can do with some pics to drive the message home a little bit, but instead of that, this is great blog. A fantastic read. I will definitely be back.|

  200. Wonderful work! That is the type of information that are meant to be shared around the internet. Disgrace on the seek engines for now not positioning this submit higher! Come on over and consult with my website . Thank you =)|

  206. I loved as much as you will receive carried out right here. The sketch is attractive, your authored material stylish. nonetheless, you command get got an impatience over that you wish be delivering the following. unwell unquestionably come further formerly again since exactly the same nearly a lot often inside case you shield this hike.|

  209. Hello there! This blog post could not be written any better! Looking at this post reminds me of my previous roommate! He continually kept preaching about this. I will send this information to him. Pretty sure he’ll have a very good read. Thanks for sharing!|

  219. Fantastic goods from you, man. I’ve have in mind your stuff previous to and you are just extremely fantastic. I really like what you’ve received right here, certainly like what you’re saying and the way through which you are saying it. You are making it enjoyable and you continue to take care of to stay it sensible. I can not wait to read much more from you. This is actually a wonderful web site.|

  223. Hmm is anyone else experiencing problems with the images on this blog loading? I’m trying to find out if its a problem on my end or if it’s the blog. Any suggestions would be greatly appreciated.|

  226. Thank you for the auspicious writeup. It in fact was a amusement account it. Look advanced to far added agreeable from you! However, how could we communicate?|

  251. Hi my friend! I want to say that this article is amazing, nice written and come with almost all vital infos. I’d like to see extra posts like this .|

  255. Hello there! This post couldn’t be written much better! Looking through this article reminds me of my previous roommate! He always kept talking about this. I will send this post to him. Fairly certain he will have a very good read. Thanks for sharing!|

  272. Hmm is anyone else having problems with the images on this blog loading? I’m trying to determine if its a problem on my end or if it’s the blog. Any suggestions would be greatly appreciated.|

  277. Have you ever considered writing an e-book or guest authoring on other websites? I have a blog centered on the same subjects you discuss and would really like to have you share some stories/information. I know my audience would appreciate your work. If you are even remotely interested, feel free to send me an email.|

  291. That is really fascinating, You are an overly skilled blogger. I’ve joined your feed and look forward to searching for more of your magnificent post. Also, I have shared your website in my social networks|

  299. Hey there! I’ve been reading your weblog for some time now and finally got the courage to go ahead and give you a shout out from Kingwood Tx! Just wanted to tell you keep up the good job!|

  304. Today, I went to the beach front with my kids. I found a sea shell and gave it to my 4 year old daughter and said “You can hear the ocean if you put this to your ear.” She put the shell to her ear and screamed. There was a hermit crab inside and it pinched her ear. She never wants to go back! LoL I know this is completely off topic but I had to tell someone!|

  316. Right here is the right blog for anyone who really wants to find out about this topic. You know a whole lot its almost tough to argue with you (not that I really would want to…HaHa). You certainly put a fresh spin on a topic which has been written about for a long time. Great stuff, just great!|

  323. That is really fascinating, You are a very professional blogger. I have joined your feed and look ahead to searching for extra of your excellent post. Additionally, I have shared your site in my social networks|

  335. Thanks for your tips. One thing we have noticed is always that banks and also financial institutions have in mind the spending behavior of consumers and also understand that a lot of people max out there their own credit cards around the holiday seasons. They prudently take advantage of this kind of fact and begin flooding the inbox and also snail-mail box together with hundreds of Zero APR card offers immediately after the holiday season comes to an end. Knowing that in case you are like 98% of all American open public, you’ll hop at the possiblity to consolidate personal credit card debt and move balances for 0 interest rates credit cards. gggffhk https://headachemedi.com – Headache medications for sale

  338. Thanks for your suggestions. One thing I’ve noticed is the fact that banks as well as financial institutions really know the spending routines of consumers as well as understand that many people max away their own credit cards around the vacations. They sensibly take advantage of this particular fact and begin flooding your own inbox as well as snail-mail box along with hundreds of Zero APR credit card offers right after the holiday season finishes. Knowing that if you’re like 98% of all American open public, you’ll leap at the opportunity to consolidate credit debt and move balances to 0 annual percentage rates credit cards. eddddfj https://thyroidmedi.com – buy thyroid medications

  340. Hey! I could have sworn I’ve been to this blog before but after reading through some of the post I realized it’s new to me. Anyhow, I’m definitely happy I found it and I’ll be book-marking and checking back often!|

  343. Thanks for your strategies. One thing really noticed is that often banks plus financial institutions know the dimensions and spending patterns of consumers plus understand that plenty of people max outside their cards around the trips. They correctly take advantage of this real fact and then start flooding a person’s inbox plus snail-mail box by using hundreds of no interest APR credit cards offers shortly when the holiday season closes. Knowing that when you are like 98% in the American general public, you’ll get at the one opportunity to consolidate financial debt and switch balances towards 0 rate credit cards. poonmpp https://stomachmedi.com – stomach medicine

  344. I was extremely pleased to discover this site. I need to to thank you for ones time due to this wonderful read!! I definitely enjoyed every little bit of it and I have you bookmarked to see new information on your blog.|

  345. Thanks for your ideas. One thing we have noticed is always that banks and also financial institutions have in mind the spending behavior of consumers and also understand that a lot of people max out there their own credit cards around the holiday seasons. They prudently take advantage of this kind of fact and begin flooding the inbox and also snail-mail box together with hundreds of Zero APR card offers immediately after the holiday season comes to an end. Knowing that in case you are like 98% of all American open public, you’ll hop at the possiblity to consolidate personal credit card debt and move balances for 0 interest rates credit cards. hhhggil https://pancreasmedi.com – over counter medicine for stomach pain

  355. Greetings! I know this is kinda off topic nevertheless I’d figured I’d ask. Would you be interested in trading links or maybe guest writing a blog article or vice-versa? My site goes over a lot of the same subjects as yours and I think we could greatly benefit from each other. If you might be interested feel free to send me an e-mail. I look forward to hearing from you! Fantastic blog by the way!|

  362. Today, taking into consideration the fast way of living that everyone is having, credit cards get this amazing demand throughout the market. Persons out of every discipline are using credit card and people who not using the credit card have made arrangements to apply for one in particular. Thanks for giving your ideas in credit cards. https://psoriasismedi.com buy psoriasis medication

  366. Today, taking into consideration the fast way of living that everyone is having, credit cards get this amazing demand throughout the market. Persons out of every arena are using credit card and people who not using the credit card have prepared to apply for just one. Thanks for giving your ideas in credit cards. https://hemorrhoidsmedi.com best hemorrhoid medicine

  368. Today, taking into consideration the fast way of living that everyone is having, credit cards get this amazing demand throughout the market. Persons out of every discipline are using credit card and people who not using the credit card have made arrangements to apply for one in particular. Thanks for giving your ideas in credit cards. https://varicoseveinsmedi.com drugs for varicose veins

  370. Today, while I was at work, my sister stole my iPad and tested to see if it can survive a thirty foot drop, just so she can be a youtube sensation. My apple ipad is now broken and she has 83 views. I know this is completely off topic but I had to share it with someone!|

  373. Today, with all the fast life style that everyone is having, credit cards have a big demand throughout the economy. Persons coming from every discipline are using credit card and people who aren’t using the credit cards have made arrangements to apply for one in particular. Thanks for expressing your ideas about credit cards. https://hypertensionmedi.com buy hypertension threatment

  381. Hey! I know this is kinda off topic but I was wondering if you knew where I could locate a captcha plugin for my comment form? I’m using the same blog platform as yours and I’m having problems finding one? Thanks a lot!|

  388. I just wanted to post a quick note to say thanks to you for the pleasant secrets you are posting here. My particularly long internet lookup has finally been paid with pleasant insight to share with my friends and classmates. I would mention that most of us visitors are undeniably fortunate to exist in a perfect place with so many outstanding people with interesting principles. I feel really happy to have encountered your weblog and look forward to so many more excellent moments reading here. Thanks once again for all the details. https://bronchitismed.com bronchitis drugs over the counter for sale

  389. I acquired more new stuff on this losing weight issue. Just one issue is a good nutrition is vital if dieting. A big reduction in bad foods, sugary foodstuff, fried foods, sweet foods, pork, and white colored flour products may perhaps be necessary. Retaining wastes harmful bacteria, and contaminants may prevent aims for losing belly fat. While specified drugs momentarily solve the matter, the bad side effects are usually not worth it, they usually never give more than a short lived solution. It can be a known incontrovertible fact that 95% of fad diet plans fail. Many thanks sharing your notions on this site. https://osteoporosismedi.com New Osteoporosis Treatment

  392. I really wanted to send a simple remark to say thanks to you for the precious steps you are sharing on this site. My prolonged internet research has finally been recognized with professional know-how to talk about with my friends and family. I would point out that most of us visitors are undoubtedly fortunate to exist in a really good site with so many outstanding people with useful solutions. I feel somewhat happy to have seen your webpage and look forward to so many more exciting moments reading here. Thanks once again for all the details. https://bronchitismed.com otc bronchitis meds

  394. I realized more a new challenge on this fat loss issue. A single issue is that good nutrition is very vital any time dieting. A massive reduction in junk food, sugary food items, fried foods, sugary foods, beef, and white-colored flour products could be necessary. Having wastes parasitic organisms, and toxic compounds may prevent targets for fat loss. While specific drugs in the short term solve the situation, the awful side effects usually are not worth it, and so they never offer you more than a momentary solution. This is a known undeniable fact that 95% of celebrity diets fail. Thank you for sharing your opinions on this website. https://osteoporosismedi.com osteoporosis medication

  397. First of all I would like to say superb blog! I had a quick question which I’d like to ask if you don’t mind. I was curious to know how you center yourself and clear your mind before writing. I’ve had difficulty clearing my thoughts in getting my thoughts out. I truly do take pleasure in writing however it just seems like the first 10 to 15 minutes are lost just trying to figure out how to begin. Any suggestions or tips? Kudos!|

  398. This is really attention-grabbing, You’re an overly professional blogger. I’ve joined your feed and look ahead to in the hunt for more of your great post. Also, I’ve shared your site in my social networks|

  400. The other day, while I was at work, my sister stole my apple ipad and tested to see if it can survive a 40 foot drop, just so she can be a youtube sensation. My iPad is now broken and she has 83 views. I know this is totally off topic but I had to share it with someone!|

  412. I know this web page offers quality depending articles or reviews and additional data, is there any other web page which offers such information in quality?|

  439. you’re really a just right webmaster. The web site loading velocity is incredible. It seems that you are doing any distinctive trick. Moreover, The contents are masterpiece. you have performed a fantastic task on this matter!|

  442. Hello there! This article could not be written much better! Going through this article reminds me of my previous roommate! He constantly kept preaching about this. I most certainly will send this article to him. Fairly certain he’ll have a great read. I appreciate you for sharing!|

  446. Excellent weblog here! Also your site quite a bit up very fast! What host are you using? Can I am getting your associate hyperlink for your host? I wish my website loaded up as fast as yours lol|

  448. Dzięki za wskazówek dotyczących naprawy kredytu na temat tego blogu. Rzeczy i chciałbym rada ludziom byłoby, aby zrezygnować z rzeczywistej mentalności że będą teraz i wypłać później. As a as be a} społeczeństwo {my|my wszyscy|my wszyscy|wielu z nas|większość z nas|większość ludzi} ma tendencję do {robienia tego|robienia tamtego|próbowania tego|zdarzyć się|powtórz to} dla wielu {rzeczy|problemów|czynników}. Obejmuje to {wakacje|wakacje|wypady|wyjazdy wakacyjne|wycieczki|rodzinne wakacje}, meble, {i|jak również|a także|wraz z|oprócz|plus} przedmiotów {chcemy|chcielibyśmy|życzymy|chcielibyśmy|naprawdę chcielibyśmy to mieć}. Jednak {musisz|musisz|powinieneś|powinieneś chcieć|wskazane jest, aby|musisz} oddzielić {swoje|swoje|to|twoje obecne|swoje|osoby} chcą {od wszystkich|z potrzeb|z}. {Kiedy jesteś|Kiedy jesteś|Kiedy jesteś|Jeśli jesteś|Tak długo, jak jesteś|Kiedy} pracujesz, aby {poprawić swój kredyt|poprawić swoją zdolność kredytową|zwiększyć swój kredyt|zwiększyć swój kredyt|podnieś swój ranking kredytowy|popraw swój kredyt} wynik {musisz zrobić|zrobić|faktycznie potrzebujesz|naprawdę musisz} dokonać kilku {poświęceń|kompromisów}. Na przykład {możesz|możesz|możesz|możesz|będziesz mógł|| możesz|prawdopodobnie możesz} robić zakupy online {aby zaoszczędzić pieniądze|aby zaoszczędzić pieniądze|aby zaoszczędzić} lub {możesz przejść do|może się zwrócić|może odwiedzić|może obejrzeć|może sprawdzić|może kliknąć} używane {sklepy|sklepy|detaliści|sprzedawcy|punkty sprzedaży|dostawcy} zamiast {drogie|drogie|drogie|drogie|drogie|drogich} domów towarowych {dla|w odniesieniu do|dotyczących|odnoszących się do|przeznaczonych dla|do zdobycia} odzieży {termometr bezdotykowy|termometry bezdotykowe|termometry bezdotykowe ranking|termometr do czoła|termometry do czoła|termometr bezkontaktowy|termometry bezkontaktowe|termometr koronawirus|termometr|termometr na podczerwień|termometry na podczerwień|termometr lekarski|termometry lekarskie|szybki termometr medyczny|szybkie termometry medyczne}.

  461. Pretty portion of content. I just stumbled upon your site and in accession capital to say that I get in fact enjoyed account your blog posts. Any way I’ll be subscribing for your augment and even I fulfillment you get admission to constantly quickly.|

  464. Very great post. I just stumbled upon your weblog and wished to mention that I’ve really enjoyed surfing around your weblog posts. In any case I will be subscribing to your feed and I hope you write again very soon!|

  475. I feel this is among the such a lot vital info for me. And i am happy studying your article. However want to remark on few normal things, The site style is ideal, the articles is in reality nice : D. Just right job, cheers|

  486. Howdy are using WordPress for your blog platform? I’m new to the blog world but I’m trying to get started and create my own. Do you need any html coding knowledge to make your own blog? Any help would be really appreciated!|

  490. Is more viagra prescription cost better. More recently, results of a double-blind, placebo-controlled, flexible-dose lucubrate showed that 88% of men who initiated sildenafil at a dosage of 50 mg increased their dose to 100 mg to improve efficacy, and 98% of those who increased their administer to viagra without a doctor prescription viagra without doctor prescription 100 mg remained on the higher dose.

  493. Can entrancing prenatal clomid cost refrain from you conceive? Taking a prenatal vitamin, in in to eating fruits, vegetables, lean eats and unscathed grains, can help you smack your congress healthy and cordial to conceive. On this saneness, assorted doctors lead one to believe alluring prenatal Clomid for good occasionally you start worrying seeking a baby.

  495. What’s up i am kavin, its my first occasion to commenting anywhere, when i read this post i thought i could also make comment due to this brilliant article.|

  497. I want to to thank you for this great read!! I absolutely enjoyed every bit of it. I’ve got you bookmarked to check out new stuff you post…|

  499. Is drinking a all of o permissible for your prostate with buy cheap cialis. If you have BPH or prostatitis, order an creation to cut back your caffeine intake by means of sneering in return on coffee, soda or energy drinks. Avoiding caffeine can make a gargantuan inequality in your urinary health. Another cialis pill price significant nip for you prostate is water. Stay hydrated, and do not hear to drink less to pulp your urine.

  500. Hello there! Do you know if they make any plugins to safeguard against hackers? I’m kinda paranoid about losing everything I’ve worked hard on. Any tips?|

  503. Hi there! Do you know if they make any plugins to assist with Search Engine Optimization? I’m trying to get my blog to rank for some targeted keywords but I’m not seeing very good success. If you know of any please share. Cheers!|

  505. Heya i am for the first time here. I found this board and I find It really useful & it helped me out much. I hope to give something back and help others like you aided me.|

Leave a Reply