SOLID WASTES DISPOSAL AND IMPACT ON THE ENVIRONMENT
ABSTRACT
Urbanization and population growth are solely responsible for high increasing rate of solid waste and its power management is a major problem. In this study, the sources and components of solid waste were identified; types and the quantity of solid waste disposal, methods of solid waste disposal, and Impact of improper waste management on environment were highlighted.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
Title Page – – – – – – – – i
Certificate – – – – – – – – ii
Dedication – – – – – – – – iii
Acknowledge – – – – – – – vi
Abstract – – – – – – – – v
Table of Contents – – – – – – – vi
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Aims and Objectives of Study – – – – 2
1.2 Definition of Terms – – – – – 2
CHAPTER TWO: SOLID WASTE
2.1 Types of Solid Wastes – – – – – 4
2.2 Characteristics of Solid Wastes – – – – 9
2.3 Generation of Solid Wastes – – – – 10
2.4 Solid Wastes Disposal – – – – – 10
2.5 Problems Arising from Waste Disposal – – 12
2.6 Solid Wastes Treatment – – – – – 12
2.7 Methods of wastes management – – – 14
2.8 Importance of Wastes Management – – – 14
2.9 Benefits of Proper Wastes Management – – 15
2.10 Effects of Improper Solid Wastes Management – 15
CHAPTER THREE: THE ENVIRONMENT
3.1 Meaning of Environment – – – – – 16
3.2 Types of Environment – – – – – 16
3.3 Components of Environment – – – – 16
3.4 Factors Affecting Environment – – – – 20
CHAPTER FOUR
4.1 Relationship between Solid Wastes
and the Environment – – – – – –
4.2 Effects of Solid Wastes on Environment – – 22
4.3 Effect of Solid Wastes on Human Health – – 22
CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION,
AND RECOMMENDATION
5.1 Summary – – – – – – – 23
5.2 Conclusion – – – – – – – 23
5.3 Recommendation – – – – – – 24
References
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Solid waste can be classified into different types, depending on their source, household waste is generally classified as municipal waste; Industrial waste such as hazardous, and biochemical waste or hospital waste as infectious waste. The term “solid waste” means any garbage refuse or sludge from a treatment plant, or air pollution control facility and other discarded material, including solid, liquid, semisolid or contained gaseous material resulting from industrial, commercial, mining, and agricultural operations (US Law Solid waste Act 2, 1999).The term “disposal” means the discharge, deposit, injection, dumping, spilling, leaking or placing of any solid waste or hazard waste into water or land or air, including ground waters community activities.
Solid waste disposal site are found on the outskirts of the urban areas, turning into the child sources of contamination due to the incubation and proliferation of flies, mosquitoes, and rodents, that in turn, are diseases transmitters that affect the environment.
The group at risk from the unscientific disposal of disposal solid waste include the population in area where there is no proper waste disposal method other high risk group include the population living close to wastes dump.
1.2 Aims and Objectives of Study
The aim and objectives of this work is to:
1. To know the impact of solid waste on the environment
2. To know the method of his disposal and how to treat them.
3. To know the problem arising to poor disposal of wastes
1.3 Definition of Terms
Solid Waste
Solid waste is defined as materials that the possession or owner no longer consider of important values to retain.
1.4 Characteristics of Wastes
Solid wastes are characterized on the basis of the following parameters.
i. Their sources
ii. By the types of waste produced
iii. By generation rates and decomposition
1.5 Points of Contact to Living Organism
1. Soil absorption, storage and biodegrading
2. Plant uptake
3. Ventilation
4. Leaching
5. Insects, birds, rats, flies, and animals
6. Direct dumping of waste into seas, rivers and lakes results in the plants and animals that feed on it.
Adverse Effect on Living Organism due to Solid Waste
1. Animals
2. Waste works
3. Populations living close to waste dump
4. Children
5. Population in areas where there is no proper waste treatment method.
Source of Human Exposure
The group at risk from the unscientific disposal
Solid waste includes – the population in an area where there is no proper waste disposal method especially;
1. Workers in facilities producing toxic and infections material.
2. Waste workers
3. Pre-school children
Other high risk group includes people living close to a waste dump and those whose water supply has become contaminated either due to waste dumping or leakage from landfill sites.
SOLID WASTES DISPOSAL AND IMPACT ON THE ENVIRONMENT