CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Study
Leadership is a very important management function that involves harnessing of human and material resources for the attainment of organizational goals. Leadership has been viewed by many authors as a process whereby an individual exerts influence upon others in an organizational context. Bowler and Seashore (1996) enumerated the basic functions of leadership to include: Enhancing others feeling of self-esteem and support. Facilitating an interaction such that group members develop a close and mutually satisfying relationship. Goal emphasis for high performance and achievements. Work facilitation such that targets are achieved through such activities as scheduling, coordinating, planning and the effective application of knowledge. It is expected therefore that in every organization, there should be a leader who will in addition to planning, organize and coordinate work, mobilize, inspire and utilize available human and material resources optimally for effective organizational growth and development. Leadership often emerges in a social context, in that it does not exist in a vacuum, but a phenomenon for people and by the people. The objectives of leadership are products of clear vision and its actions are dictated by great focus and a sense of mission. The way and manner leadership is conducted in any given situation, depends on the interplay of such factors as individual personality, work demand and the exigencies of the environment
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