THE ROLE OF MANAGERS IN EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT MANAGEMENT OF AN ORGANISATION
Abstract
The topic of this study is “The Roles of Managers in Effective and Efficient Management of The Organization” “A case study of Nigeria Breweries Plc, Ibadan, Oyo State. The company has a population of about 200 staffs. Yaro Yamani formular was used to find the sample size which is 150 and that was the number of questionnaires distributed. The objectives of this study is to ascertain The extent to which managers can have a substantial impact on performance and organization’s success or failure cannot be over emphasized. Managers establish the type of climate which
facilitates motivation and successful performance of the organization. Managers play important role in an
organization’s life. They direct, guide, influence, facilitate and coordinate the activities in the organization. The
realization of organizational goals depends also on them as well as the works. The study examines if managers have
direct relationship with the effectiveness and efficiency of an organization. They provide the required skills and
leadership to move the organization to greater height. In carrying out this study, Primary sources of data were
collected through questionnaires, while the secondary data includes; text books, journals, etc. Having analyzed the
data, the following findings were made; that manager’s function contributes immensely to the attainment of objectives
in the organization that the leadership styles adopted by the managers depend on the prevailing situations and the
behaviour of the employees. Some of the management problems militating against the operation of the organization
are; incompetence and lack of managerial know how. Essentially the study recommends as follows; that manager
should be made aware of the importance of their managerial functions and it must be carried out meticulously.
Autocratic leadership style should be removed from the organization rather; democratic leadership style should be
adopted.
Chapter One
Introduction
1.1 Background to the Study
There is no doubt whatsoever that in the contemporary business world, that what makes organizations effective is not
only the financial capacity of such organization but the caliber of human elements operating in them. That is why
some organizations find it difficult to maintain their status while others continue to forge ahead.
Moreover, it is observed that some organization after being established, simply close down within a matter of time,
while their contemporaries not only expand but also continue to operate successfully. The secret behind the
discrepancies in the operational ability of organization depend to a large extent on their managers and the role or
activities which they perform in them. Most corporate organization all over the world today not only enjoy optimum
productivity but also maintain incredible competitive ability that makes them out maneuver their contemporaries due
to the efficiency of their managers in business. The manager’s actions shape the destiny of their organization.
However, one may be tempted at this junction to ask who are those managers, and what function or role do they play
in these corporate organization?
Our discussion of managerial roles may seem to suggest that a manager’s job is highly orchestrated and that
management is a logical, orderly process in which managers rationally calculate the best way to use resources to
achieve organizational goals. In reality, being a manager often involves acting emotionally and relying on gut. An
immediate reaction is an important aspect of managerial action. Managers are often overloaded with a responsibility,
which leaves them with little or no time to analyze every nuance of a situation, and therefore make decision in
uncertain conditions without being sure which outcome will be the best.
The range of problems that managers face is enormous (high variety), in which they must deal with it simultaneously.
They must make snap decisions (brevity) and many times, must rely on experience gained throughout their careers to
do their jobs to the best of their abilities. Managers and their subordinates learn both from their successes and from
their failures.
According to (Cole ,2003), Opined that management is not an activity that exist on its own right, but rather, it is a
description of variety of activities carried out by those members of organization whose role is that of a manager, that
is someone who has formal responsibility for the work of at least one other person in the organization. He also
explained that the activities carried out by those managers have generally been grouped in terms of planning,
organizing, motivating and controlling activities. They describe manager’s jobs primarily in terms of their inputs.
Contributing more on the activities of managers in organization, (Donnelly, 2006) explains that in planning, managers
determine activities, create the position and allocate responsibilities for the achievement of plans. In motivating,
managers endure meeting the social and psychological needs of employees in the fulfillment of organizational goals.
In controlling, managers monitor and evaluate activities and provide correcting mechanism.
Years ago, managers were thought of as people who were “the boss”, while that might still be true today, many
managers view themselves as leaders than as people who tell subordinates what to do. The role of a manager is
comprehensive and often very complex. Not everyone wants to be a manager, nor should everyone consider been a
manager. “Managers are individuals who oversee the activities of others and provide leadership”. He added that all
managers have a role as a leader, and this role includes creating, maintaining a purposive organization, motivating
and disciplining employees. However, this is just an aspect of the roles which managers play in organization.
Consequently, it would not be out of place or an overstatement to assert that the pivot on which the progress of
corporate organizations resolve is in the caliber of managers. But the question then is, how far and to what extent do
these managers perform their roles, and what major factor impede their efforts in this direction?
It is in response to this question that necessitated this study on the role of managers in corporate organization with
special reference to Nigerian Breweries (NB Plc).
1.2 Statement of the Problems
The fact that some organization perform optimally and others perform very poorly, gives credence to the testimony
that there are certain variables or factors which makes organization different from one another. These differences are
not only observable in the organizational structure or the environments in which these organizations operates but on
the skill of the executives or managers to see to the day-to-day administration of these organization. Studies have
shown that while some managers performs their managerial roles and functions with commitment and dexterity,
others exhibit unusual degree of indifference in their administrative posture and such situation have often times spelt
doom for their organizations.
Consequently, the discrepancy in the performance of corporate organizations especially those in the same economic
environment points, to clincher that the role which their managers play and the function they perform, accounts to a
large extent on success or failure of the organizations.
Against the above backdrop, studies have also shown that while some organization enjoy efficiency from their
workforce, wider market share, optimal productivity and maximal profits, others not only experience the reverse in
their organization but have often times find it difficult to break-even. And in the worst of such situations, some of these
organizations have met their waterloo and consequently gone out of business.
The fact that some organization perform optimally while others perform abysmally, helps to identify a problem that the
role of managers are indispensable factors in the success of corporate organization. However, the questions are;
i. To what extent do these managers perform their roles?
ii. What constitute impediment to the successful performance of these roles?
It is as a result of the above analogy and in response to the question that informed this study on the role of managers
in corporate organization with special reference to Nigerian Breweries (NB Plc).
1.3 Objectives of the Study
The general objective of this study aims to investigate the role of managers in effective and efficient management of
an organization through the aid of Nigeria Breweries Plc, Ibadan.
Among others, the specific objectives of this study are as follows:
i. Examining the roles of managers in an organization.
ii. Identifying the major management functions which managers in an organization perform to increase
productivity.
iii. Examining how the leadership/management style of managers affects the productivity and performance
of their workers in the corporate organization under study.
iv. Identifying the management problems which militate against the smooth operations of corporate organization.
1.4 Research Questions
For the purpose of achieving the objectives of this study, the following questions will be addressed:
i. Do managers have roles to play in the organization?
ii. Does the function of managers in corporate organization have positive impact on the attainment of
objectives by workers in the organization?
iii. Does the leadership style/management style of managers affect the productivity and performance of the
workers in the corporate organization understudy?
iv. What are the management problems militate against the smooth operation of the corporate organization
under study?
1.5 Hypotheses:
Hypothesis 1
Ho: There is no significant relationship between managers and the roles managers play in the organization
Hi: There will be a significant relationship between managers and the roles managers play in the organization
Hypothesis 2
Ho: There will be no significant relationship between the function of managers in corporate organization and it’s
Impact on the attainment of objectives by workers in the organization
Hi: There will be a significant relationship between the function of managers in corporate organization and it
positive Impact on the attainment of objectives by workers in the organization
THE ROLE OF MANAGERS IN EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT MANAGEMENT OF AN ORGANISATION