TABLE OF CONTENT
CONTENTS PAGE
Title Page – – – – – – – – i
Certification – – – – – – – ii
Dedication – – – – – – – – iii
Acknowledgements – – – – – – iv
Table of Contents – – – – – – – vi
CHAPTER ONE
- INTRODUCTION – – – – – 1
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 HISTORY OF CHROMATOGRAPHY
- Principle of Chromatography
- Types of Chromatography
- Column Chromatography
- Gas chromatography
- Liquid chromatography
- Thin Layer chromatography
- Size exclusion chromatography
- Affinity chromatograophy
- Types of Chromatography
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 THE INTERNAL STANDARD METHOD
- Injection devices
- Packed Column
- Open tubular column
- Application of chromatography in separation of compounds
CHAPTER FOUR
- SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND REFERENCES
- Summary
- Conclusion
References
CHAPTER ONE
- INTRODUCTION
Chromatography is based on the principle where molecules in mixture applied onto the surface or into DETERMINATION OF TOTAL PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS AND SELECTED HEAVY METALS IN UNDERGROUND WATER AND SOIL FROM THE VICINITY OF MAJOR FILLING STATIONS IN ABUJA and fluid stationary phase (stable phase) is separating from each other while moving with the aid of a mobile phase. The factors effective on this separation process include molecular characteristic aid related to adsorption (liquid-solid), partition (liquid-solid), and affinity or differences among their molecular weights (Cuatrecasas, 2004; Porath, 2006). Because of these differences, some components of the mixture stay longer in the stationary phase, and they move slowly in the chromatography system, while others pass rapidly into mobile phase, and leave the system faster (Harris, 2004).
Based on this approach three components form the basis of the chromatography technique.