TABLE OF CONTENT
CONTENTS PAGE
Title Page – – – – – – – – i
Certification – – – – – – – ii
Dedication – – – – – – – – iii
Acknowledgements – – – – – – iv
Table of Contents – – – – – – – vi
CHAPTER ONE
- INTRODUCTION – – – – – 1
CHAPTER TWO
- PROTEINS IN BIOLOGICAL SYSTEM
- History of Protein
- Synthesis of Protein
- Biochemistry of Protein
- Nutritional Value of Protein
CHAPTER THREE
- CLASSIFICATION AND FUNCTION OF PROTEIN
- Number of Protein encoded in senomes
- Cellular function of Protein
- Enzymes
- Cell signaling and ligand binding
- Health Benefit of Protein
CHAPTER FOUR
- SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND REFERENCES
- Summary and Conclusion
References
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 PROTEIN
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including catalysing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, responding to stimuli, providing structure to cells and organisms, and transporting molecules from one location to another. Proteins differ from one another primarily in their sequence of amino acids, which is dictated by the nucleotide sequence of their genes, and which usually results in protein folding into a specific 3D structure that determines its activity (Schwarzer and Cole, 2005). A linear chain of amino acid residues is called a polypeptide. A protein contains at least one long polypeptide. Short polypeptides, containing less than 20–30 residues, are rarely considered to be proteins and are commonly called peptides, or sometimes oligopeptides. The individual amino acid residues are bonded together by peptide bonds and adjacent amino acid residues.