EFFECTS OF AGGREGATE SIZES ON THE CONCRETE STRENGTH. A RESEARCH PROJECT MATERIAL ON CIVIL ENGINEERING

EFFECTS OF AGGREGATE SIZES ON THE CONCRETE STRENGTH. A RESEARCH PROJECT MATERIAL ON CIVIL ENGINEERING

CHAPTER ONE

1.1  GENERAL INTRODUCTION

The relevance of road to life and its activities cannot be over emphasized.

Road is as old as the origin of man and plays a vital role in the life of the people in communities, states, countries. It is quite obvious that life would have been very difficult without the existence of roads. Nigeria for instance acknowledged the importance of road such that the local, state and federal government are all involved in the development and maintenance of road network.

History has shown that provision of roadway is a necessary tool for civilization. It advances prosperity increase and this bring about demand for better and faster communication facilities especially roads.

The continuing increase in Nigeria’s population has made the daily movement of passengers and goods an increasing complex problem.

1.2  RECONNAISSANCE SURVEY

This is a quick type of survey or a rapid examination of the ground and its adjacent natural features usually made without survey instruments to limit the alternative routes in terms of cost to one or two.

The following factors are normally considered in reconnaissance survey.

v  Overall cartage of goods

v  Nearness to road materials quarries

v  Traffic conditions

v Soil conditions

v  Right of way or road land

v  Ruling gradient

v Type of road surface

v  Number of major and minor bridges

v  Approximate length and cost

v  Curvative along the alignment

The road under consideration (A by pass from IMT/ Federal Secretariat road to Industrial center and Mass Communication Department) has been graded and motor drivers and pedestrians use it. On the sides of the proposed road are existing buildings and farm lands.

The traffic capacity of the road is low because of the poor grading of the road.

Because the road has not been properly paved, less pedestrians use the road and motorist prefer going through the longer way by passing through mass communication department when going to industrial center.

When the road is properly improved, all these problems will be eliminated and a lot of benefit will be accrued, benefit to the intending business center as a result of more people using the road and reduction in travel time.

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EFFECTS OF AGGREGATE SIZES ON THE CONCRETE STRENGTH. A RESEARCH PROJECT MATERIAL ON CIVIL ENGINEERING