CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Today’s changing world, values and standards of human were changed with urbanization. In this innovation people was differentiated existing uses and produced new areas. These changes vary from country to country to the point of economic, cultural and geographical reasons. Also, these locations were determined to same principles basis for human uses. Life style was changed with urbanization. In this process rural areas were changed to urban areas. These areas are dominated by mass of concrete. In these areas there are small green areas at a minute level. In the process of rapid urbanization was created an unnatural environment. In the developed countries, open space locations were effected physical and mental development of residents. This effect was adversely. With this innovation in urban areas, people entered into a craving for natural areas. At initial, green areas have been created to resolve natural longing of people. Open spaces location has become the indispensable elements of ecological, aesthetic and recreational value. Establish of open space systems has become a necessity in today. Open spaces is said to be all open spaces of public value, including not just Land but also Islands, bodies of Water such as Rivers, Canals, Lakes, and reservoirs which offer important opportunity for Sports and outdoor recreation and can also act as a visual amenity, David (2011). An open space location focuses on officially designated existing or planned public open spaces that are available to the public at no cost or through a nominal fee, Travlou (2007). The term “Open space location can be described as many types of open areas”. As the counterpart of development, Marilyn (2011) described urban open spaces as natural and cultural resource, synonymous” with neither “unused Land” nor park or recreational areas; or Land or water area with its surface open to the sky, consciously acquired or publicly regulated to serve conservation and urban shaping function as well as provide recreational opportunities. As noted by many authors such as Marilyn (2011), the Landscapes of urban open spaces can range from playing field to highly maintained environment to relatively natural landscapes. They are commonly open to public access. The authors also observed that urban open spaces may be privately owned. These include areas outside of city boundaries such as state and national parks as well as open spaces in the Countryside. However, Kayden (2011) shows that Public open space is defined as public or privately owned land that is publicly accessible and has been designated for leisure, play or sports or a portion of land set aside for the protection and/or enhancement of the natural environment