ABSTRACT
The analysis for the bioconcentration studies of cassava leaf infected with mosaic diseases was carried out using standard analytical methods. The result of the analysis for infected sample were: Moisture 7.90%, Ash 8.00%, Carbohydrate 97.00%, Protein, 2.97%, Nitrogen 0.49%, Calcium 86.40mg/kg, Magnesium 28.80mg/kg, Sodium 0.02 mg/kg, potassium 0.18 mg/kg, Phosphorus 0.83 mg/kg and non – affected had: 24.78%, 3.00%, 98.25% and 0.28%, for Moisture, Ash, Carbohydrate and Nitrogen respectively. Calcium, Magnesium, Sodium, Potassium and Phosphorus recorded 105.60mg/kg, 33.60mg/kg, 0.02 mg/kg, 0.16mg/kg and 0.40 mg/kg. The result reveals that the sample accumulated all the analyzed parameters, but there’s need to treat cassava affected with mosaic virus.
TABLE OF CONTENT
CONTENTS PAGE
Title Page – – – – – – – – i
Certification – – – – – – – ii
Dedication – – – – – – – – iii
Acknowledgements – – – – – – iv
Abstract – – – – – – – v
Table of Contents – – – – – – – vi
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION – – – 1
1.1 Background of the study – – – – – 1
1.2 Aim and Objectives of the Study – – – 6
1.3 Scope and Limitation – – – – – 7
1.4 Definition of Terms – – – – – 7
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW – – 8
2.1 Scientific Classification – – – – – 8
2.2 Description of Manihot esculenta – – – 8
2.3 Production of Manihot esculenta – – – 9
2.4 Uses of Manihot esculenta – – – – 10
2.5 Cassava Mosaic – – – – – – 13
2.5.1 Hosts and symptoms – – – – – 16
2.5.2 Importance of Cassava Mosaic – – – – 18
2.5.3 Control strategies – – – – – – 19
2.6 Effect on Crop Growth and Yield – – – 20
2.7 Mechanisms of Heavy Metal Uptake by Plant – 22
CHAPTER THREE: MATERIALS AND METHODS – 28
3.1 Materials – – – – – – – 28
3.2 Source of Sample Collection – – – – 29
3.2.1 Laboratory Preparation of Samples – – – 30
3.2.2 Digestion of samples for mineral content analysis – 30
3.2.3 Determination of Sodium and Potassium contents – 31
3.2.4 Determination of other elements using an
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer – – 32
CHAPTER FOUR: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION – 33
4.1 Results – – – – – – – 33
4.2 Discussion – – – – – – – 36
CHAPTER FIVE: CONCLUSION AND
RECOMMENDATIONS – – – – – 41
5.1 Conclusion – – – – – – – 41
5.2 Recommendations – – – – – – 42
References
CHAPTER ONE
- Introduction
1.1 Background of the study Plants require minerals and nutrients to grow. Presently, there is a sudden rise in concerns on the levels of absorption of heavy metals by plants and the level that is retained in the different parts of the plant. The retention of the metals taken up by plants leads to bioaccumulation of these metals in plant. The release of trace metals to the surface of the earth’s crust (land, air, water and biota) is the aftermath effect of human activities which include quarrying, manufacturing, manure or fertilizer, pesticide, atmospheric deposition, metropolitan and industrialized dumpsite (Alloway and Ayres, 1993; Hajar et al., 2014).