COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY OF DIFFERENT BRANDS OF WIRES

ABSTRACT

This research project report was carried out for the comparative analysis of electrical resistivity of different brands of wires. To achieve the above aims, the resistance of each of the materials was obtained using ohm’s law method and the resistivity value for each of the materials was determined using appropriate mathematical formula. For the results, the resistivity of copper wire for Sample was found to be 2.19 x 10^-8 Ω/m, Sample B had the resistivity value of 1.96x 10^-8 Ω/m. Sample C had the resistivity value of 3.95 x 10^-8 Ω/m, Sample D had the resistivity value of 3.8 x 10^-8 Ω/m, and Sample E had the resistivity value. Sample C was found to have the highest resistivity value followed by Sample B has the least resistivity value.

TABLE OF CONTENT

CONTENTS                                                                 PAGE

Title Page    –        –        –        –        –        –        –        –        i

Certification         –        –        –        –        –        –        –        ii

Dedication –        –        –        –        –        –        –        –        iii

Acknowledgements        –        –        –        –        –        –        iv

Abstract      –        –        –        –        –        –        –        –        vi

Table of Contents –        –        –        –        –        –        –        vii

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION      –        –        –        1

1.           Background of the Study        –        –        –        –        –        1
   1.           Aim and Objectives of the Study      –        –        –        4
      1. Aim of the Study  –        –        –        –        –        –        4
      1. Objectives of the Study  –        –        –        –        –        4
   1.           Scope and Limitation of the Study   –        –        –        5
   1.           Definition of terms         –        –        –        –        –        –        5

CHAPTER TWO:LITERATURE REVIEW    –        –        7

• Current and  Electricity –        –        –        –        –        7
  • Wires and their types     –        –        –        –        –        8
    • Uses of Wires       –        –        –        –        –        –        12
  • Electrical Resistivity      –        –        –        –        –        14
  • Tenso Resistivity –        –        –        –        –        –        15
  • Conductivity and its causes     –        –        –        –        19
  • Resistivity measurement         –        –        –        –        –        26
    • Two probes measurements      –        –        –        –        27
    • Four Probes measurements     –        –        –        –        27
    • Four point probes measurements     –        –        –        29
  • Theory of resistivity      –        –        –        –        –        38

CHAPTER THREE: MATERIALS AND METHOD         –        44

•      Materials    –        –        –        –        –        –        –        44
  •      Methods     –        –        –        –        –        –        –        44
  •      Circuit Diagram   –        –        –        –        –        –        45

CHAPTER FOUR: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION  –        46

•           Results        –        –        –        –        –        –        –        46
  •           Discussion  –        –        –        –        –        –        –        59

CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS   –        –          –        –        –        60

•           Summary and Conclusion-      –        –        –        –        60
  •           Recommendations         –        –        –        –        –        –        60

References

CHAPTER ONE:

1.0     INTRODUCTION

1.1     Background of the Study

Electrical resistivity is one of the most sensitive indicators of changes in the nature of the chemical binding. In general, the electrical resistivity is inversely proportional to the carrier density and the carrier mobility. A change in the nature of the chemical binding primarily alters the carrier density, and the structural changes alter the carrier mobility. Very early investigation of metals showed that resistivity increases approximately by a factor of 2 at the melting point, while it decreases in silicon and germanium as they transform from semiconducting solids to conducting liquids. Electrical resistivity plays an important role in technical applications (Geiger and Scheel, 2007).

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