CONSTRUCTION OF SIMPLE DISTILLATION UNIT. A RESEARCH PROJECT TOPIC ON CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
ABSTRACT
Distillation unit is the judgment used for the separation of liquid mixture depending on the volatility of the component. It has the top section and bottom section. In the top section this is where more volatile component goes and the bottom section is where the divider or less volatile component are continued therefore when feed are introduced into the column the vapour flows up the column and liquid counter currently down into the column the vapour on plate. Liquid reaching the bottom of the column is partially in a heated recoiled to prove boil up which is sent back to the column. The reminder of the bottom liquid is withdrawn as bottom product.The vapour reaching the top of the column is cooled by condenser and to liquid is returned to the column as reflux to provide liquid over flow the remainder of the overhead stream is withdrawn as distillate or overhead. The overall separation achieved between the distillate and the bottom depends familiarly on the relative volatility of the components. The greater the relative volatility the easier separation.
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Hotland etal (1999) that distillation was one of the mankind earliest form of water treatment and it is still a poplar treatment solution. throughout the world today Holland etal (1999) said that in ancient days, the Greece used this process on their slip to convert sea drinking water. He also went further to say that water was classified for use in Ranbkiki tea ceremonies.
Holland etal (1999), said that distilled water was still used as drinking water on ship and in a rid parts of the world, and to treat water in other areas that was formed by natural and un-natural contaminants.
Furthermore, distillation was one of the water treatment technology that must completely reduce the widest range of drinking water contaminants. He now said that basic process was responsible for the hydrologic cycle. Holland etal (1999), also said that the sum causes water to evaporate from surface source such as lakes, oceans and streams. He said that since distillation was a water purification process that uses a heat source to vaporize water and separate it from contaminants and other undesirable elements commonly found in the ground and water. Distillation can be used to treat uninstalled water until it reaches it’s boiling points and begins to vaporize.
According to him, water has a lower boiling point than salt and other material sediments. Holland etal (1999), throughout his history, people have experience with the use of soar power in distillation.
Moreso, solar power can be used effectively for distillation purposes at work, only with relatively small amount of liquid. He also made mention that home distillation was the best procedures that is used for household water purification.
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