THE EFFECT OF CORIOLIS FORCE IN THE VIBRATION OF PIPELINE CONTAINING FLOWING LIQUID (CRUDE OIL). A RESEARCH PROJECT TOPICS ON CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

THE EFFECT OF CORIOLIS FORCE IN THE VIBRATION OF PIPELINE CONTAINING FLOWING LIQUID (CRUDE OIL). A RESEARCH PROJECT TOPICS ON CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

CHAPTER ONE

1.0    INTRODUCTION

1.1   BACKGROUND

In the design of pipeline filled with flowing fluid, it is imperative that the vibration properties of the pipeline are analyzed to prevent excessive vibration of the pipelines as this could cause damages to the pipeline and even to the tie – in equipment such as pumps, compressors, heat exchangers, vessels and even tanks. On the other hand, vibrations of pipeline are also important as it dampens the vibration wave that would have otherwise passed on to the equipment. The vibration of pipeline could be as a result of so many factors which include, Coriolis Force.

The Coriolis Force is a force that causes the deflection of a moving object such as ocean currents moving in a straight path relative to the Earth’s surface.  Its strength is proportional to the speed of the earth’s rotation at different latitudes but it has an impact on moving objects across the globe. The deflecting objects moving in a strength path are viewed from a rotating reference frame, the Coriolis effects is caused by the Coriolis forces, which appeared in the equation of motion of an object in a rotating frame of reference. Sometimes this force is called a fictitious force (or pseudo force), because it does not appear when the motion is expressed in an inertial frame of reference. The motion of an object is explained by the real impressed forces, together with inertia. In a reference frame with clockwise rotation, the defection tends to the left of the motion of the object, in one with counter-clockwise rotation, the deflection tends to the right.

In rotating frame, the Coriolis force depends on the velocity of the moving object or fluid and the centrifugal force which are not needed in the equation to correctly describe the motion.

The most commonly encountered rotating references frame is the Earth. The Coriolis Effect is caused by the rotation of the Earth and the inertia of the mass experiencing the effect.

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THE EFFECT OF CORIOLIS FORCE IN THE VIBRATION OF PIPELINE CONTAINING FLOWING LIQUID (CRUDE OIL). A RESEARCH PROJECT TOPICS ON CHEMICAL ENGINEERING