CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
- BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Time management is at the core of labour productivity in any sector of the economy. Labour productivity itself is considered most vital in ensuring output growth as well as national development. In most countries, it is observed that labour contributes over 65% to GDP which makes it an essential factor of production. (Beggs, Fisher and Dornbush 2000; Lipsey and Chrystal 2005). Premised on this consideration, it is important that efficiency is factored into labour utilization which is the place of time management. The observation of most researchers is that labour can only be what it has been trained to be (Sorkin 1992). Hence it has been advanced that in the formative days of labour, the essence of time management should be taught to students as well as ensuring that they inculcate the practices of time management. This brewing stage in most countries is the university stage.
In the modern world, time is seen as an indefinitely divisible and usable commodity. It helps to infuse the concept of time through the institution. All the material and human resources possessed by organizations can be enhanced in the course of time or be transformed as time goes on; yet the only asset that cannot be changed or purchased or stored is time itself. The secret to achieving success in life is effectively managing this resource that everyone possesses equally and paying sufficient emphasis to planning (Macan, Shahani, Dipboye& Phillips, 2000). Though effective and efficient use of time varies with respect to the tasks performed, the further increase in the level of knowledge and skills expected from modern employees has further increased the necessity of time planning. The road to success in social life passes through effective and efficient working which is only possible via time management. The competitive environment we live in today encourages people from as early as their elementary education to plan and manage time effectively. The high performance required by competitive conditions forces organizations and directors to us time effectively and stipulates the search to control time (Alay &Koçak, 2003). Due to miss management of time, students gap behind. It is therefore pertinent that the practice of time management amongst Nigeria undergraduate students be evaluated. This is done using undergraduate students as case study.
- STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Numerous problems confront students in Nigeria. These problems are often time responsible for their weak performances in academic chores. Ranging from financial inadequacy to inadequacy of time, the Nigerian student is often beset with various problems (Aghenta 2007). While this study undertakes the implications of time management on students’ performance, it confronts the problems of using reliable variables in its findings.How does an average university student actually spend his/her time while in school?What are those factors that actually affect his or her study time utilization?Does study time utilization vary directly with sex, age, marital status, income and level of study?
In developing countries where students have a lot of issues during academic journey, time management is one of such issues. Time management practices have an impact on the results of students as empirical studies done by past researchers. In spite of knowing about the impact of time on academic achievement, this relationship is not given importance by the students (Sevari& Kandy, 2011). At higher education level, the study schedule must properly planned, implemented and controlled for better results. Emphasizing time also helps to develop cost effective educational policies by the authorities especially at higher education level (Kaushar, 2013). Ongoing problem of scarcity of knowledge in connection with time management and academic outputs is due to lack of easiness and of costly ways of collecting data. Driven by this fact, particular emphasis has been paid in the modern education system
- OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
This study has the following objectives’
- To find out how an average university students spend his or her time when school is in session.
- To find out the problems students encounter in time management.
- To find out if there is a relationship between age, sex, level of study, marital status and parental background with time management.
- To assist students to have command on how effectively utilize their time management for their academic achievements.
- To find the interrelation between time management and academic achievements of the students.
- To create an attempt to fill the gaps exist in the research of time management and academic achievements of the students.
- To explore more and more knowledge of time management and academic achievement of the students.
- RESEARCH HYPOTHESES
Ho: There is no significant relationship between time management and students’ sex.
Hi: There is significant relationship between time management and students’ sex.
Ho: There is no significant relationship between time management and students’ age.
Hi: There is significant relationship between time management and students’ age.