TABLE OF CONTENT
CONTENTS PAGE
Title Page – – – – – – – – i
Certification – – – – – – – ii
Dedication – – – – – – – – iii
Acknowledgements – – – – – – iv
Table of Contents – – – – – – –
CHAPTER ONE
- Introduction – – – – – – 1
CHAPTER TWO
DIFFERENT FORMS OF AQUATIC POLLUTION – 10
- Water Pollution – – – – – – 10
2.1 Types of Water Pollution – – – – 12
2.1.1 Pollution of Rivers, lakes and Oceans – – – 14
2.1.2 Marine pollution – – – – – – 15
2.1.3 Nutrient pollution – – – – – – 16
2.1.4 Thermal pollution – – – – – – 18
2.2 Contaminants and their sources – – – – 19
CHAPTER THREE
- CHEMICAL POLLUTION OF WATER
AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM – – – – – 23
3.1 Sources of chemical pollution in aquatic ecosystem 24
3.1.1 Shipping activities – – – – – 24
3.1.2 Mari culture – – – – – – – 25
3.1.3 Offshore activities – – – – – – 26
3.1.4 Dredging of sediment and dumping at sea – – 28
3.2 Effect of chemical pollution in aquatic ecosystem – 30
3.2.1 Impact of Pollutants on the Water Quality – – 30
3.2.2 Impact on Aquatic Biota – – – – – 34
3.2.3 Impact of Water Pollution on algae and macrophytes 35
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION – 37
4.1 Conclusion – – – – – – – 37
4.2 Recommendation – – – – – – 38
References.
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Contamination caused by hazardous substances is a major environment concern in European water and consequently is addressed by a number of EO legislative measures and policies. The water framework Directive (Wed, 2000\60/Ec) provides for measures again chemical pollution of surface waters. There are two components the selection and regulation of substances of EU-wide concern (priority substances) as a means to assess the chemical status of water bodies up to 12 nautical miles from the straightened coastline, and the selection by member states of substances of national or local concern (River Basin Specific Pollutants, RBSP), which form part of the quality elements for “good ecological status”. In 2001 a first list of 33 ps was adopted (Decision 2455/2001) and in 2008 the environmental quality standards (EQSS) for those substances and eight other pollutants already regulated at EU level were set in the Directive 2008/105/EC(Or Eqs Directive), which was amended by the directive 2013/39/Eu.