A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF INDOOR AIR QUALITY MONITORING OF AN INSECTICIDE SPRAYED ROOM AND A ROOM UNDER NORMAL TEMPERATURE

ABSTRACT

The determination of air pollutants from sprayed and unsprayed room was carried out using standard analytical techniques. The pollutants monitored were NO₂, SO₂, H₂S, CO and NH₃. The results for the concentration of air pollutants in the sprayed room and their AQI reveals as follows; NO₂ (0.20±0.1, AQI = 220), SO₂, (0.23±0.183, AQI = 42) H₂S (0.13±0.183, AQI = 90), CO (3.33±0.57, AQI = 120.2) and NH₃ (6.33±1.14, AQI = 110.2). The results for the concentration of air pollutants in the unsprayed room and their AQI reveals as follows NO₂ (0.1±0.00, AQI = 100), SO₂ (0.1±0.00, AQI = 20), H₂S (0.00±0.00, AQI = 0.00), CO (0.00±0.00, AQI = 0.00) and NH₃ (1.66±0.57,AQI = 33.2). The results showed that the sprayed room had the highest concentration of the analyzed air pollutants. However, when subjected to Air Quality Index (AQI) it shows that CO and NH₃ were heavily polluted, NO₂ was severely polluted, SO₂ was moderate and H₂S was polluted respectively. Comparing the result with the FEPA standard, it reveals that the room sprayed with insecticide had the highest concentration of studied pollutants when compared with room under normal temperature. Hence, it is not advisable to stay in a fumigated room because of the high concentration of air pollutant. 

TABLE OF CONTENT

CONTENTS                                                                         PAGE

Title Page    –        –        –        –        –        –        –        –        i

Certification         –        –        –        –        –        –        –        ii

Dedication –        –        –        –        –        –        –        –        iii

Acknowledgements        –        –        –        –        –        –        iv

Abstract      –        –        –        –        –        –        –        –        vi

Table of Contents –        –        –        –        –        –        –        vii

CHAPTER ONE

1.0     INTRODUCTION        –        –        –        –        –        1

1.           Background of the Study        –        –        –        –        –        1
   1.           Aim and Objectives of the Study      –        –        –        6
      1. Aim of the Study  –        –        –        –        –        –        6
      1. Objectives of the Study  –        –        –        –        –        6
   1.           Scope and Limitations of the Study  –        –        –        7
   1.           Definition of terms         –        –        –        –        –        –        8

CHAPTER TWO

2.0     LITERATURE REVIEW     –        –        –        –        9

• Air Pollution        –        –        –        –        –        –        9
  • Air Pollutant        –        –        –        –        –        –        11
    • Carbon dioxide    –        –        –        –        –        –        12
    • Sulfur oxide         –        –        –        –        –        –        –        13
    • Carbon monoxide –        –        –        –        –        –        13
    • Particulate matters         –        –        –        –        –        –        14
    • Nitrogen oxides    –        –        –        –        –        –        15
    • Volatile Organic Compound   –        –        –        –        15
  • Sources of Air Pollution          –        –        –        –        –        16
    • Anthropogenic (human-made) sources       –        –        –        16
    • Natural Sources   –        –        –        –        –        –        18
  • Effects of Air Pollution –        –        –        –        –        20
  • Insecticide   –        –        –        –        –        –        –        28
  • Types of insecticides      –        –        –        –        –        29
  • Biological Effect of insecticide –        –        –        –        31
    • Acute Effects        –        –        –        –        –        –        32
    • Long – term Effects       –        –        –        –        –        33

CHAPTER THREE

3.0     MATERIALS AND METHOD      –        –        –        36

• The Study Area    –        –        –        –        –        –        36
  • Equipments used in describing the air pollutants          –        37
  • Method of Sample Collection  –        –        –        –        38
    • Procedure for measuring PM_2.5, PM₁₀, TVOC and CH₂O           38
    • Procedure for the Operation of Gas Monitor       –        –        39
  • Determination of Air Quality  –        –        –        –        40

CHAPTER FOUR: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION  –        42

•           Results        –        –        –        –        –        –        –        42
  •           Discussion  –        –        –        –        –        –        –        46

CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS   –        –          –        –        –        50

•           Summary and Conclusion       –        –        –        –        50
  •           Recommendations         –        –        –        –        –        –        51

References

CHAPTER ONE

1.0     INTRODUCTION

1.1     BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

There is increasing awareness that the quality of the indoor environment can affect our health and well-being. Indoor air quality (IAQ) in particular has an impact on multiple health outcomes, including respiratory and cardiovascular illness, allergic symptoms, cancers, and premature mortality (WHO, 2010). As the world is becoming increasingly urbanised, with urban residents typically spending over 90% of their time indoors, it is important to characterise IAQ and understand which pollution sources, housing characteristics, and occupancy patterns have the largest impact on our exposure to pollutants present in the home environment (Lai et al., 2004; Vardoulakis and Kinney,  2019).