DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A LIQUID SIPHON APPARATUS
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
The siphon is a simple and effective device for transferring liquid from a higher level to a lower level and it is widely used.
It can be described as using a pipe or tube to transfer liquid from a reservoir at a higher elevation to another reservoir at a lower level when the two reservoirs are separated by a distance ( height).
A Siphon can also be referred to a tube in an inverted ‘U’ shape which causes a liquid to flow upward above the surface of a reservoir, with no pump but powered by the fall of the liquid as it flows down the tube under the pull of gravity, and discharging at a level lower than the surface of the reservoir whence it came.
The traditional explanation of a siphon states that the flow in the down leg, due to gravity, creates a partial vacuum in the upper leg portion of the conduit. That partial vacuum allows atmospheric pressure to initiate flow through the upper leg.
Siphon is commonly used in flushing of toilet, metering irrigation water, transferring of liquid from one reservoir to another.
The most common use of a siphon is “The Silent Valueless Water Waste Preventer,” patented in England in 1819 and better known today as the flush toilet.
Siphoning is used in the following ways:
To carry water from one reservoir to another separated by a hill or ridge.
To take out the liquid from a tank that has no base outlet (drain plug)
To empty a channel that has no outlet sluice.
1.1 Problem Statement
This project is trying to address the difficulty in transferring viscose liquid from one reservoir to another and Liquid of lower density at the same level. It is quite sure that the conventional method of either scooping to required container or sucking through a hose would consume much time and energy thereby making the process difficult and inefficient. In order to avoid the effect of using the manual siphon process to transfer liquid that is on the same height. This project will thereby help to save time and energy in the transfer process of the liquid from one reservoir to another.