TABLE OF CONTENTS
Contents Pages
TITLE PAGE – – – – – – – – – i
CERTIFICATION – – – – – – – – ii
DEDICATION – – – – – – – – iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS – – – – – – – iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS – – – – – – – v
ABSTRACT – – – – – – – – – ix
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
- Background of the Study – – – – – – – 1
- Aim of the Study – – – – – – – – 3
- Objectives of the Study – – – – – – – 4
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
- Description of Lantana camara – – – – – – 5
- Taxonomic Classification of L.camara – – – – 6
- Phytochemical Composition of L. camara – – – – 6
- Pharmacological Potential of L. camara – – – – 6
- Antioxidant Effect – – – – – – – 7
- Anti-parasitic Effect – – – – – – – – 7
- Anti-inflammatory Effect – – – – – – – 10
- Anti-Cancer Effect – – – – – – – – 11
- Reproductive Effect – – – – – – – 12
- Hypoglycemic Effect – – – – – – – 12
- Biochemical Effect of Alloxan – – – – – – 13
- Mechanism of Action of Alloxan – – – – – 14
- Diabetes – – – – – – – – – 15
- Hyperglycemia – – – – – – – – 16
- Red Blood Cells Differentials and their functions – – – – 16
- Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) – – – – – 16
- Haemoglobin – – – – – – – – 17
- Mean Haemoglobin (MCH) – – – – – – 18
- Packed Cell Volume (PCV) – – – – – – 18
- Red Blood Cell (RBC) – – – – – – – 19
- Factors Affecting Haematological Indices – – – – 20
- Genetic Factors – – – – – – – – 20
- Age and Sex – – – – – – – – 21
- Nutrition – – – – – – – – – 21
- Environmental and Hormonal Factors – – – – – 22
- Review of previous Study – – – – – – 22
CHAPTER THREE
MATERIALS AND METHODS
- Materials and Reagents – – – – – – 23
- Methods – – – – – – – – – 23
- Collection and Preparation of Sample – – – – – 23
- Extraction of Sample – – – – – – – 24
- Animal Grouping and Management – – – – – 24
- Collection of Blood Sample – – – – – – 26
- Determination of Red Blood Cells (RBC) Differentials – – 26
- Statistical Analysis – – – – – – – 28
- Methods – – – – – – – – – 23
CHAPTER FOUR
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
- Results – – – – – – – – – 29
- Discussion – – – – – – – – – 31
CHAPTER FIVE
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Conclusion – – – – – – – – – 33
5.2 Recommendations – – – – – – – – 33
REFERENCES
ABSTRACT
This result project was designed to investigate the effect of ethanolic leaf extract of Lantana camara and anti-diabetic drug on the red blood cells and its differentials respectively in alloxan-ibduced hyperglycemic albino wistar rats. The hematological parameter were determined using automated hematological analyzed *Mythic 22). Thirty (30) male albino wistar rats weighing between 100-51g were randomly assigned to six groups of five rats each. Group 1 (without treatment) served as positive control. Group 2 (with only alloxan) served as positive control. Group 3, 4, 5 and 6 rats underwent diabetes inducement and were used as the different doses of the extract except group 3 rats that were administered with only anti-diabetic drug once a week for three weeks. group 4 5, and 6 were administered with 600mg/kg, 800mg/kg and 1000mg/kg body weight of Lantana camara leaf extract for twenty-one (21) days. The two control groups and the treated groups were fed with normal rat chow and distilled water throughout the experimental period. The results of the analysis indicated a non-significant decrease (P>0.05) in group 2, the RBC, MCV, HB compared to group 1 except group 2 MCH which showed non-significant increase (P>0.05) compared to group 1. group 4, 5, and 6 treated with the extract showed non-significant decrease (P>0.05) in RBC compared to group 1 but non-significant increase compared to the diabetic control group 2 and group 3 rats treated with anti-diabetic drug. The HB of group 4 and 5 rats, MCH of groups 4 and 5 and MCV of group rats showed non-significant increase (P>0.05) compared to both controls and the anti-diabetic drug treatment group 3. This result suggests that Lantana camara leaves could be recommend for the treatment of anemic conditions and boost blood count.