CHAPTER ONE
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Planning is deciding in advance what to do, how to do it, when to do it, who to do it and how result can be evaluated, Knootz et al (1950). According to O’ Donnell (1972), Planning is selecting objective and strategies, policies, programmes and procedures for achieving them either for the entire enterprise for any organized part thereof.
For an organisation to remain a float or progress, there is always that need for planning. This is why planning is futuristic because it sets target and strategies to actualize. This involves identification of the problems to be solved, searching for financial and materials resources, methods and strategies to be used and careful systematization of the activities and input or means to achieve the desire purpose, Ogunna (1999). This is a difficult understanding which embodies creativity, intuitive and imaginative ability and analytical initiative.
Planning is an intellectually demanding of process, it requires the conscious determination of course of action and basing of decisions on purposes knowledge, knowledge and considered estimates in designing a milieu for effective performance of people working collectively in group. The most important task is to see that purposes objectives and methods of attaining them clearly understood if group effort is to be effective, people must know what they are expected to accomplish.
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