STRUCTURAL/REINFORCEMENT DETAILING OF A SINGLE STOREY RESIDENTIAL BUILDING WITH RETAINING WALL.. A RESEARCH PROJECT MATERIAL ON CIVIL ENGINEERING
PREFACE
This is the presentation of an information on the structural reinforcement detailing of concrete members. Structural detailing is a branch of structural work that transposes the idea or works of a structural engineer into working drawing or easy utilization in the building construction works. Working drawing are produced an engineer for easy use by the contractors.
The processes detailing put in place was in conjunction with the recommendations of the concrete society and the institute of structural engineers. In building construction a good interaction and contractors are required. The methods, scates, symbols and notations must be standardized and understood by all parties in a project to minimize risks and communication hindrances.
A structure is broken down into identifiable elements for detailing work like bean column, slab etc which enables the different detailing aspects to be fully addressed and understood.
STRUCTURAL SYMBOLS
The abbreviations recommended for structural detailing work are a s follows.
a. R.C. – Reinforced concrete
drg – drawing
hor – horizontal
vest – vertical
dia – diameter
fdn – fordation
conc – concrete
col – column
b. Type of reinforcement
R – Mild steel bars
Y – High yield bars
c. Comments relating to reinforcement
C – center line
B – Bottom
T – Top
c/c – center to centre
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Before a designer can relate his requirements dearly in a construction industry, a drawing is to be prepared; this is because the drawing serves as a general means of communication. Thus, the drawing is adopted mostly, then other means of communication in engineering sectors.
A structured engineer mostly engages himself in designs on construction of structures. Like roads, bridges, railways, dams, buildings and other public works.
The structural engineer makes initial designs, which are usually free – hand sketches of the work. These sketches are used to make clear and neat working drawing, which will b e used by the builder of contractor after approval for construction by the authorities involved.
The contributions of a detailer is highly significant to the construction process, for a well detailed drawing is a good medium of reducing the risks of building collapses and to avoid delays arising from doubts and too frequent clarifications.
tadalafil: http://tadalafilonline20.com/ 40 mg tadalafil
best online international pharmacies india cheap generic drugs from india
best online international pharmacies india: https://genericwdp.com/ medications without a doctor’s prescription
meds without a doctor prescription: https://genericwdp.com/ cheap generic drugs from india
when will viagra be generic best over the counter viagra
price of viagra
viagra without a doctor prescription order viagra online
viagra cost per pill
order viagra online best place to buy generic viagra online
viagra without a doctor prescription
buy viagra online usa buy viagra online canada
buy viagra online usa
zithromax z-pak zithromax tablets
how to get valtrex in mexico valtrex 500 mg buy online
how much is viagra https://viagrapills100.com/ viagra without a doctor prescription
where to buy viagra online https://viagrapills100.com/ best place to buy viagra online
viagra over the counter https://viagrapills100.com/ viagra without a doctor prescription usa
cheap ed pills usa cheap ed pills from canada
order ed pills
cheap ed pills usa cheap ed pills from india
buy ed pills from canada
https://hydroxychloroquinest.com/# plaquenil tablets 200mg
https://zithromaxst.com/# zithromax for sale online
https://zithromaxproff.com/# where can i buy zithromax medicine
zithromax generic price
http://zithromaxproff.com/# zithromax online pharmacy canada
zithromax online pharmacy canada
order trimox: minocin generic
buy myambutol online
buy nitrofurantoin: ciplox for sale
tetracycline online
online indian pharmacies: all generic meds from india overseas pharmacies shipping to usa
online medications from india: buy prescriptions from india pharmacy united pharmacy india
mail order erectile dysfunction pills: kamagra pills viagra pills
best erectile dysfunction pills review: red erectile dysfunction pill best erectile dysfunction pills review
generic viagra walmart buy viagra online without prescription buy viagra without prescription
amazon viagra buy viagra without prescription buying viagra online without prescription