CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
In majority of organization in Nigeria, budgeting is the most important management tool for performance and productivity and for organizations to perform well, resources must be well utilized and customers well served. To achieve such ends, all of an organization’s human and materials resources must be well utilized in the right way and the right time to create high quality products at minimal cost (Nash, 2008). Formally defined, productivity is a summary measure of the quantity and quality of work performance, with resources utilization taken into account. It can be measured at the individual, group, or organizations level.
Productivity may be expressed as success into dimensions of staff performance, effectiveness and efficiency. Organization has been collective in order to achieve group or individual objectives. They serve as the means by which goods and services are provided beyond the boundaries of an individual or small group’s capacity of self-sufficiency. Such provision, also acknowledged, may be made for profit through some other more controlled framework of commercial or social provision (Dawson 1996). However, Budgeting on the other hand, is regarded as the most basic of all the management functions. It involves the selecting from among alternative future course of action for the organization as a whole and every department or section within it. Furthermore, it requires selecting organizational objectives and departmental goals, determines and provides a rational approach to pre-selected objectives. It strongly implies managerial innovation and the ability to create something (koontz 1980). A budget is a quantitative expression of a plan for a defined period of time. It may include planned sales volumes and revenues, resource quantities, costs and expenses, assets, liabilities and cash flows. It expresses strategic plans of business units, organizations, activities or events in measurable terms.
Leave a Reply
You must be logged in to post a comment.