CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Microorganisms may be transmitted from animated sources to inanimate environmental sources, which may become secondary reservoirs if they meet the needs of transmitted pathogens to survive and to multiply. In healthcare settings, however,contaminated surfaces, which may not always be optimal for microbial survival and multiplication, still may play a role in the chain of infection, since surfaces close to the patients’ environment may be touched at high frequencies, allowing transmission from animated sources to others via contaminated inanimate