CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The Treasury Single Account (TSA) is a system of accounting in the public sector where all government revenue generated are paid into a single account at the Central Bank (Adebisi &Okike, 2016). TSA is believed to be an efficient and effective means of managing government revenue generation and system that provide and enforce sufficient self-control mechanism on revenue generation and budget implementation using a daily return from account balances of various Ministries, Departments and Agencies (MDAs) into a central account (Eme&Chukwurah 2015). The primary aim of TSA implementation is to ensure optimum public fund management and maximize the use of cash resources through concentration and reduction in float costs. To further substantiate this, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) working paper (2010) states that treasury single account (TSA) is an essential tool for consolidating and managing governments’ cash resources, thus minimizing borrowing costsAdewole&Osabuohien (2007). The TSA solutions are designed to capture detailed information about the government’s cash resources and spending on a daily basis (Adebisi &Okike, 2016).
The TSA is a modern cash management system that enhance government ability to safeguard public funds and suitable for good governance, transparency and accountability of every Naira generated or expended (Abdulrahman (2016). Chukwurah and Emmanuel (2015) states that “ the payment of government revenue into multiple bank accounts operated by MDAs in commercial banks, as obtained under the old order, was clearly against the Nigerian Constitution which, in Sections 80 and 162, directed that all federally-collected revenues should be paid into the Federation Account” (Famutimi, 2012). They further state that it was a flagrant breach of the constitution that underscores the rot in the management of the country’s finances. It was on this ground that President Muhammadu Buhari on 9th August, 2015 invoked Section 80 (1) of the 1999 constitution as amended which state that “All revenues, or other moneys raised or received by the Federation (not being revenues or other moneys payable under this Constitution or any Act of the National Assemble into any other public fund of the Federation established for a specific purpose) shall be paid into and form one Consolidative Revenue Fund of the Federation” by directing that all government Ministries, Departments and Agencies (MDAs) should close all their accounts domiciled in the commercial banks and transfer the balance to the federation account that is the TSA (Oyedele, T. 2015).This is part of his effort to sanitize the country and fight against financial leakages and corruption. Though, President Goodluck Jonathan had given the same directive in January with February 28th, 2015 as the deadline, the directive was ignored by the agencies. The noncompliance is blamed on his lack of political will to ensure compliance (Adeolu (2015). The TSA is seen as a solution to stalling leakages in revenue generation and making more funds available to the government which in turn increase government efficiency (Oyedele, T. 2015). The TSA has been identified by the Federal Government of Nigeria as an efficient tool for curbing revenue leakage, although it is not certain how this has played in Nigeria so far (Oyedele, T. 2015).
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